Valve



Feb. 21, 1950 F. c. HABERLAND 2,498,121 Y VALVE A Filed May l, 1946 J0jy D fs? f Patented Feb. 21, 1950 signor, by inesne assi (-lorporation,`Chicago nois gnments-,lto-Borg-'Warner Ill., a corporation of Illi--Appli'cat'onlifay 1"-, 1946, Serf-iai: 'o; 666,458' 2 Claims.Y (Cl.277-20) My invention relates generally to valves and mere particularly'to a' valve ineclianisnrY employ-- ing a plurality of valves foricontrolling the de"- livery of fluid under pressure to, and release. ofpressure from, a hydraulic cylinder of auid inotor which is adapted tomove a load. y

V'alve mechanisms have' previously been made for such purposes but haveproven unsatisfacj-` tory i'n operation because the valves employedtohold pressurev in the hydraulic cylinder have' failed satisfactorilytoperform thisiunc'- tion. It is therefore an objectief myv invention toprovide a valvev mechanism which operates te' liolcl pressure in ahydraulic cylinder withoutAA leakage until it is desired to releaseth'epressure in'` the cylinder to permit corresponding nio-ve ment ofthev load.

Itis' another object of my invention to provide the' simple but sturdycontrol devicel for oper-'l' ating' the valves employed in' the valvemechanism.

It is afurther object to provide-a' valve mecha-h nismv ofthe foregoingtype which is compact andi which is constructed of' a minimum' number."of Darts. y

Further objects and' advantages of my invention will become apparentfrom' a consideration of the following' written description when takencor'i-f ne'ction with the drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a sectional View of a valve mechanism einhodying" my inventiontaken along" the planes dffthelirle |"l in' Fi'g". 4A; A l

.Figi 2` is' asectional view of theJ saine valve mechanism taken on theplanes ofy tlre line 22lv or Fie. 3';

Fig; 3f is a sectional viewof the valvernecha-f r'lfsl'n' of Fig. 1taken on the plane of linev 3--3h of Fig'. 1";y and I Figi 4 is asectional view of" the'v'alve lrlec'ha-V nism of Fig. 1 taken on theplanesv of" the line'` 4 4 of Fig. 1.

In the drawing like'vreference numerals are employed in; the severalviews to indicate" like? parts of' the mechanism. i

Referring now to the various eures of tiiej drawing andparticularly" toFig. 1"-, the-numeral" 8 indicates the valvei mechanism" in itsentiretyiA valve mechanism 8- hasa housing indicated"V generallya at IUwhich includes a cer'it'ra-lE section* II'f whichI is'closed at eitherend by a covr plate suchJ as plates' |52 and I3 whichv` areJ joined tovthe* central section II by three bolts I4 each of whichi washer t6.internosediy betweenv thecoverf #3 andi the nutl t. For: mounting: thevalv'efv niechantsnifaol 2v 8 there are provided a boss l1 Having aliole'- is." drilled therethrough and a loos's l'9 having a hole" 20drilled therethrough.

The valve housing: lo has a fluid inlet port' 22 whicn is internallythreadedA te receive a pipe (not shown) connect'ilole` with a source' ofhuid? under pressure such` as a pump (not shownl. The inlet port 22communicates withaii inlet passageway 2c which in turn intersectspassageways 2av and' 25- are parallel to each other; asv shown. inFig, 1. may be seen rnore clearly" from Figs. 2` and 3;v passageway' zealso' inter--V sects passageway' 28' which leads to" a pressure reliervalve indicated generali-y at 2li. Ref'erring` again-4 to' Figs. 2 andthere maybe seen 4an ex@y hanst" port 28' wliicir is internally threadedand which isi in' communication with an exhaust pas@ s'ageway 29`whiclfil lead's inf tufrr'i to the pressure' relief.v valve 21.Eaternally of tl'ie valve' mechanism 8, the exhaust port 28 may beconnected, for` example, with a return pipe and sump (not shown) whenceth'e Huid is drawn hy a punip (notV showniwhich delivers it to the inletport 22". A pressure delivery port s0" (see Fig; 4)' is threaded .lroi-connection meenam-ple; to a hydraulic cyliu'i-KA deref a'fuid motor(not snownl which is' adapted to operate upon a i'oad. said port soooinimin'i-l categ with a pressure delivery passageway 3l" whichconnects' with the enlarged portion 32 of the passageway 24; Al valveindicated generally" at 33E is interposed between passageways' 3l and"14@ attha't pointwhere passageway 24 increases in Positioned' inpassageway 25` is a spool valve indicated generally at39 valve 39' has areduced portion 4u; extending' between the iianged por: tionsll" and 42'and a seal; ringv i3 te prevent leakage outwardly to the' 'cover' plater2". An ex'- tensibn 44 on the' valve Sli passes through a hole thecoverplate |"2"f`or' ar purpose to be described more fully hereinafter. Anextension 45 on the left' hand end off said valve, as viewed in Fig'. 1,limits movement' or tiie spool valve es' toward" c'over plate i3. spring4 isf interposed between the flanged end 41 of valve 379 and the coverplate 3 so' that valve 39l is normally positioned in what' will bereferredV to as" its nopen positionl wherein the reduced portion 4G ofthe valve ilE is' so located in passageway 'T as to permit freecommunica tion Between inlet passageway 23",. passa'geiffay'v 25- andexhaust passageway 29.

A passageway 35 (see Figs. 2 and'i 3) opens into the exhaust passageway29 and extendstherefrom into a-cnannel 36 in theoover plate is wiii'cnturn communicates (see Fig". Il` withthe' let-tl end of passageway 25 inthe housing member II. The purpose of passageway 35 and channel 39 is topermit the passage to the exhaust port 28 of any uid trapped to the leftof flange 4| of valve 39 when said valve is shifted to the left, asviewed in Fig. 1.

An operating member 41 is positioned in passageway 24 and is slidable insaidpassageway. Operating member 41 has an extension 48 of reduceddiameter which passes outwardly of the valve mechanism I0 through thecover plate I2 and has an extension 49 at the other end of said 4against the extension 44 to move the spool valve 39 toward the left, asviewed in Fig. 1, to thereby close off the iiow of fluid from passageway25 into the exhaust passageway 29. As a result, the continued deliveryof iiuid to the inlet port 22 will cause a building up of pressure inpassageways 23, 24 and 25 whereupon the force of spring 54, which actsto close' ball check valve 33, will be overcome and the valve will opento permit the ow of fluid to the pressure delivery passageway 3| andport `33. If the pressure delivery port is connected with a fluid motor,the piston of said motor will operating member which is of reduceddiameter 1 so as not to close off the flow of fluid in' passageways 23and 24. Extension 49 normally abuts ball 59 of the ball check valve 33.A sealing ring 5I carried by the operating member 4,1 prevents the flowof fluid outwardly from passageway 24 to the cover plate I2.

Ball check valve 33 comprises the carriage member 53 which is slidablein enlarged end 32 of passageway 24, and a spring 54 which is interposedbetween the carriage 53 and the cover plate |3 normally to load ballcheck valve 33 to closed position on seat 56, as shown in Fig. 1.

The carriage 53 is slotted as at 55 to permit fluid to pass into thespace 52 between the ball 59 and carriage 53.

Pressure relief valve 21 which is shown most clearly in Figs. 2 and 3comprises a ball 51, a carriage 58 therefor and a spring 60 interposedbetween the carriage 58 and the cover plate I2 normally to position thepressure relief valve 21 in its closed position as shown in Fig. 2 andto 'maintain it in said position until a pressurein excess of thatdesired in operation of the hydraulic cylinder or other device connectedwith the pressure delivery port 39 is reached. Carriage 58 is slidablein the enlarged portion 6I of passageway 26.

The control means, indicated generally at 19, for operating the ballcheck valve 33 and the spool valve 39 is carried by the cover plate I2.This control means comprises a lever 1| having a grip 12 at one end andan enlarged end 13 which carries cams 14 and 15 for acting respectivelyupon the extension 48 of operating member 41 and the extension 44 ofspool valve 39. The lever 1| is mounted on and rotatable about a shaft19 which is carried between a pair of lugs such as lug 11 connected withcover plate I2. It will be seenthat lever 1| is rotatable about shaft 15to move valves 33 and 39 from their normal spring,

loaded positions when the lever is shifted respectively to the positionindicated by the dot-dash line D or the dot-dash line E. The dot-dashline N indicates the neutral position of the lever 1| and is theposition in which it is shown in Fig. l

wherein the valves 33 and 39 are located by their springs 54 and 46 intheir respective closed and open positions.

VConsidering now the operation of the valve mechanism 8 it will be seenthat with the control lever 'II in its neutral position, as shown inFig. 1, fluid will be delivered to inlet port 22 whence it will owthrough inlet passageway '23 to the passageway 25 and thence to exhaustpassageway 29 and the exhaust port 28. Fluid will not flow throughpassageway 24 since it is blocked therein by the actuating member 41 andits seal ring 5| at one end and by the ball check valve 33 at the otherend.

When the control lever 1I is shifted to the po-4 sition indicated by thedot-dash line E, the cam ball 5D, its

then move a load which may be connected therewith. If, forexample, fluidunder pressure is delivered to the pressure delivery port 39 for such aperiod of time as to build up an excessive pres- ;sure within the fluidmotor (not shown) and consequently in passageways 23, 24, 25 and 26,said pressure will overcome the force exerted by spring 60 of thepressure relief valve 21 to unseat the valve and permit a iiow of fluidunder pressure from inlet passageway 23 to passageway 26 and thence pastthe valve 21 to the exhaust passageway 29 and the port 28.

When fluid under pressure ceases to be delivered at the same rate toinlet port 22 either by reason of the delivering means, such as a pump,slowing down or stopping or by reason of lever 1I being moved toward itsneutral position to permit flow of fluid under pressure to the exhaustport 28, the pressure in passageway 3|, together with the force exertedby spring 54 on carriage 53, acts to close the valve 33 by pushing ball59 onto its seat 56 thereby maintaining the fluid under pressure in thepressure delivery passageway 3| and in any instrumentality connectedtherewith. By using a spherical ball and a circular valve seat therefor,it is possible to maintain the fluid under pressure in passageway 3|without leakage.

When the control lever 1| is shifted from its neutral position or fromthe position indicated by the dot-dash line E to the position indicatedby the dot-dash line D, cam 15 moves away from extension 44 of spoolvalve 39 so that the valve will be shifted to the right, as viewed inFig. 1, by the spring 46, thus connecting passageways 23 and 25 with theexhaust passageway `29. When the lever 1| is shifted to position D, cam14 on the enlarged end 13 of lever 1|l will act against the extension 48of the operating member 41 to shift said member to the left, as viewedin Fig.v 1,

to open the ball check valve 33 by reason of the.

` ways 24 and 23 and thence through passageway 25 to the exhaustpassageway 29. The reduction of pressure in the pressure deliverypassageway 3| may be stopped by a return of the valve lever 1| to itsneutral position, whereupon spring 54 and the pressure in passageway 3lreseat ball 50 on the valve seat 56.

Control lever 1I cannot be moved beyond its position indicated by thedot-dash line D by reason of a stop member 18 which engages the surfaceof cover plate I2. Likewise, the lever 1| cannot be moved from itsneutral position to a position beyond that indicated by the dot-dashline E by reason of the stop 19, adjacent cam 15,

which engages the surface of cover plate l2. It

will be seen that the disposition of cams 14 and time.

Although I have described and illustrateola:` preferred embodiment of myinvention, it is -tov be understood that I do not intend to be limitedto such construction since certain changes and modications may be madetherein without departing from the scope of my invention as defined inthe appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a valve mechanism including, means dening a housing having a fluidinlet port, a fluid exhaust port, a uid pressure delivery port adaptedto be connected with a pressure responsive load, and passageway definingmeans within said housing interconnecting said ports; a rst valve insaid passage positioned between said inlet port and said exhaust port,means biasing said rst valve toward open position for normally placingsaid inlet port in communication with said exhaust port, said firstvalve being further characterized by the provision of means elective tobalance the same against the inuence of fluid pressure in communicationtherewith in all positions thereof; a second valve in communication withsaid passage at a position located between the said pressure deliveryport and said inlet port as well as being at a position between saidinlet port and said exhaust port, means biasing said second valve towardclosed position to thus maintain pressure on said pressure responsiveload; and control means for selectively operating said valves, saidcontrol means having a rst position eiective to cause said first valveto open and permit flow of uid from the inlet port to said exhaust port,said control means having a second position eiective to actuate saidirst valve to close communication through said exhaust port to thuspermit the pressure to build up and open said second valve with theresultant delivery thereby of pressure fluid to said pressure responsiveload and said control means having a third position effective to openboth said second valve and said rst valve to thus interconnect saidpressure delivery port and said exhaust port for the return of fluidfrom said pressure responsive load.

2. In a valve mechanism adapted to control 'the delivery and return ofpressure liquid to and from a pressure responsive work performing pistonincluding, means dening a valve housing having an inlet port adapted tobe supplied from a continuous source of liquid pressure, an exhaust portadapted to be placed in communication with a return line, and a liquidpressure delivery port adapted to be connected with said pressureresponsive work performing piston, passage dening means interconnectingsaid ports; means defining a first, spool valve having a first pistonportion connected with a second spaced piston portion by a reduced stem,said reduced stem being in continuous communication with said passagedefining means, the opposed piston surfaces of said first and secondpistons being effective to balance said nrst valve against the influenceof the liquid pressure acting in opposite directions thereon in allpositions of said valve, said second piston portion being adjustableinto and out of position to close and open communication through saidexhaust port, means biasing said first valve toward open position tothus place said inlet port and said exhaust port in communication; asecond valve in comm-unicaton with said passage dening means at aposition closer to said inlet port than the position of said exhaustvalve, said second-named valve' comprising a ball check, a generallytubular cage for said ball check, said cage being provided externallywith guide surfaces and a guideway in said housing for guiding saidcage, resilient means biasing said cage and ball toward closed positionwherein said ball check is elective to maintain pressure liquid on saidpressure responsive work piston, means dening a reciprocable pineiective when operated in one direction to engage said ball check andmove the same together with said cage in a direction openingcommunication between said delivery port and said passage dening meansfor causing the return of pressure liquid from said work piston; acontrol lever pivotally supported on said housing and having cam meanscarried thereby for operating said first valve, and for operating saidpin for moving said second valve, said lever having a first position inwhich said cam means permits said rst valve to open and said secondvalve to close to hold pressure on said lWork piston, said lever havinga second position in which said cam means is effective to move saidsecond piston portion of said rst valve into position to closecommunication through said discharge port and permit pressure to bebuilt up in communication with said check as a result of continueddelivery from said pressure source whereupon said check and said guidecage are movedin response to pressure to open communication through saiddelivery port to said work piston, said control lever being operable toa third position wherein wherein said cam means is effective to operatesaid pin to engage said ball check to move said ball check and cage tothus place said cylinder in communication with said passage definingmeans while at the same time permitting said second piston portion ofsaid first-named valve to remain in a position placing said passagedefining means in communication with said discharge port to effect thereturn of pressure fluid from said work piston.

FREDERICK C. HABERLAND.

REFERENCES CITED The following references arey of record in the

